PCF8574

The PCF8574 is an 8 bits I/O port expander that uses the I2C protocol. Using this IC, you can use only the SDA and SCL pins of your Arduino board to control up to 8 digital I/O ports.

A0,A1,A2 are address pins
P0,P1,P2,P3,P4,P5,P6,P7 are digital I/O ports
SDA,SCL are the I2C pins

If we set pins A0 to A2 to GND, our device address in binary will be 0x20, thats exactly what I did in my example. To enable read and write there are different values required you can see these in the image below

Parts Required

Here are the parts I used

Name	Link
ESP32		Aliexpress link Amazon Ebay
PCF8574		Aliexpress link Ebay link Amazon Link
Connecting cables		Aliexpress link Amazon Ebay

Schematic

Note that the PCF8574 is a current sink device so you do not require the current limiting resistors

I have only shown 4 LEDs, also note that I have shown A0, A1 and A2 tied to GND, this is what my test module had selected.

esp32 and pcf8574 schematic

Code

This example flashes the led's

#include <Wire.h>

// address of PCF8574 IC
#define PCF8574_ADDR (0x20)

void setup() 
{
  Wire.begin();
}

void loop() 
{

  
  //send the data
  Wire.beginTransmission(PCF8574_ADDR);
  Wire.write(0xAA);
  Wire.endTransmission();
  delay(1000);
  Wire.beginTransmission(PCF8574_ADDR);
  Wire.write(0x55);
  Wire.endTransmission();
  delay(1000);
}

Link

5PCS PCF8574P DIP-16 Remote 8-bit I/O Expander IC